Variety

Toric varieties are algebraic varieties arising from elementary geometric and combinatorial objects such as convex polytopes in Euclidean space with vertices on lattice points. Since many algebraic geometry notions such as singularities, birational maps, cycles, homology, intersection theory, and Riemann-Roch translate into simple facts about polytopes, toric varieties provide a marvelous source of examples in algebraic geometry. In the other direction, general facts from algebraic geometry have implications for such polytopes, such as to the problem of the number of lattice points they contain. In spite of the fact that toric varieties are very special in the spectrum of all algebraic varieties, they provide a remarkably useful testing ground for general theories. The aim of this mini-course is to develop the foundations of the study of toric varieties, with examples, and describe some of these relations and applications. The text concludes with Stanley's theorem characterizing the numbers of simplicies in each dimension in a convex simplicial polytope. Although some general theorems are quoted without proof, the concrete interpretations via simplicial geometry should make the text accessible to beginners in algebraic geometry.

The present book is devoted to one of the newest branches of variety theory: varieties of group representations. In addition to its intrinsic value, it has numerous connections with varieties of groups, rings and Lie algebras, polynomial identities, group rings, etc., and provides results, methods and ideas that are of interest to a broad algebraic audience. The book presents a clear and detailed exposition of several central topics in the field, leading from initial definitions and problems to the most current advances and developments. Among the topics treated are stable and unipotent varieties, locally finite-dimensional varieties, the finite basis problem, connections with varieties of groups and associative algebras and their applications.

Analytic variety - In mathematics, specifically geometry, an analytic variety is defined locally as the set of common solutions of several equations involving analytic functions. It is analogous to the included concept of complex algebraic variety, and any complex manifold is an analytic variety.

Complete algebraic variety - In mathematics, in particular in algebraic geometry, a complete algebraic variety is an algebraic variety X, such that for any variety Y the projection morphism

Albanese variety - In mathematics, the Albanese variety is a construction of algebraic geometry, which for an algebraic variety V solves a universal problem for morphisms of V into abelian varieties. In the classical case of complex projective non-singular varieties, the Albanese variety Alb(V) is a complex torus constructed from V, of (complex) dimension the Hodge number h0,1, that is, the dimension of the space of differentials of the first kind on V.

Variety (linguistics) - A variety of a language is a form that differs from other forms of the language systematically and coherently. Variety is a wider concept than style of prose or style of language.

variety

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